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We will enroll healthy pregnant women (following enrollment, all subsequent study procedures will be completed postpartum) or postpartum women on hormonal birth control or no hormonal birth control with either a recent history of smoking and a desire to remain abstinent after childbirth, or who are currently smoking and motivated to quit smoking. Participants will be recruited throughout the continental United States (US). Participants living in Minnesota (our clinical site) will receive a 12-week course of exogenous progesterone. Participants will be followed for six months with remote visits, self-administered surveys, and self-collection of dried blood spots to measure hormones and smoking-related biomarkers.

This study will help to identify challenges and barriers to self-performing anal cancer screening tests, and may identify unique ways to make this form of screening easier, more cost-effective, and more frequently performed. We believe that it has the potential to minimize the frequency of both disease and death from anal cancer among high-risk patient groups.

This study is about understanding how TMS affects the balance between inhibitory and facilitatory processes in the motor cortex. The study includes an experimental device, specifically transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), electroencephalography (EEG), and electromyography (EMG). TMS is a non-invasive brain stimulation method to probe brain activity. EEG is used to record brain activity through electrodes placed on the head, while EMG measures muscle activity through sensors attached to the skin.

The purpose of this study is to understand how relighting cigarettes affects the level of toxicants inhaled during smoking, compared to smoking non-relit cigarettes.

This study is about understanding how TMS affects the balance between inhibitory and facilitatory processes in the motor cortex. The study includes an experimental device, specifically transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), electroencephalography (EEG), and electromyography (EMG). TMS is a non-invasive brain stimulation method to probe brain activity. EEG is used to record brain activity through electrodes placed on the head, while EMG measures muscle activity through sensors attached to the skin.

Respiratory illnesses, including ear and sinus infections, colds, and pneumonias, are among the most common infectious diseases affecting Minnesotans across their lifespan. These diseases can be caused by many different types of microbes—bacteria, viruses and fungi—and different types of microbes may require different kinds of treatment. This research is being done to learn more about the specific types of microbes that cause respiratory infections in children and adults across the state of Minnesota over time. Antimicrobial resistance happens when microbes develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed to kill them. Through this study, we will learn which types of genes are carried by microbes living in the respiratory tract by collecting and analyzing nasal and oral specimen.

The purpose of this research is to better understand balance and walking in a healthy adult population to compare to patients with Parkinson’s Disease. This research study uses small wearable devices that attach to your clothing and can measure your body’s location while performing walking and balance tests. We expect that you will be in this research study at the Minnesota State Fair for approximately 10-15 minutes.

The purpose of this study is to study the evolution of early life risk factors that may lead to cancer and other conditions. This is a prospective cohort study of families who reside in Minnesota.

The goal of this observational study is to learn more about associations between respiratory infections, changes in the microbiome of the nose and upper throat, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

This is a study that will investigate the relationship between visual attention and memory and brain dynamics in healthy volunteers by manipulating brain oscillations with transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS).

In this study, we want to find out more about secondhand smoke from shisha smoking in the home. We want to help families learn more about the risks of shisha smoke in the home and find ways to stop smoking at home.

This study is being done to learn more about the influence of the menopausal transition on autonomic and vascular function in midlife females. Participants will have their vitals taken and height, weight and waist-to-hip ratio measurements done, complete questionnaires, have blood draws, have electrical activity of a nerve in the leg measured (optional), have blood vessel function measured in the arm, perform breathing exercises, and complete a cold pressor test (putting a hand in ice-cold water). Participants will also have a scan to measure body composition and bone density.

The purpose of this project is to provide new knowledge of the relationship between structural and functional changes in cortico-basal ganglia pathways and the severity of motor and non-motor deficits in humans with PD.

This is a study of persons who do and do not stutter between ages 4 and 65 years. This study is trying to figure out how attention skills influence memory, language, and speech fluency skills.

We will examine whether the benefits of brain stimulation on mental functioning can be enhanced if an individual is actively engaging the target brain networks while receiving brain stimulation. The study includes two separate sessions and people will complete either a cognitive task or a perceptual task while we are measuring the change in brain function with EEG. Please fill out the linked screening questionnaire to determine if you are eligible.

The purpose of this study is to characterize balance and postural control in children with autism spectrum disorder and those with typical development. Participants will be asked to complete one lab visit. During this visit, parents will be asked to complete questionnaires about their family demographics and child behaviors, and their child's balance performance will be assessed using a virtual reality-based balance assessment. We are recruiting two groups of parents and children with ages ranging between 5-15 years to participate in this study. One group will include children with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders and their parents and the other group will be typically developing children who have no developmental, neurological or medical conditions and their parents.

This research is being done to collect blood and placenta samples to better understand how pregnancy impacts the health of mother and child. The goal of this research is to better understand what causes some pregnancy complications and how this impacts the longer term health of mothers and children.

The purpose of this study to examine the effects of cigarette smoking and drinking alcohol on the formation of DNA damage in the mouth. The overall goal is to identify DNA damage that may be important to the development of head and neck cancers.

This research study is for creating a registry of all ages with conditions in endocrine and both health. Registries are used very often these days by doctors and scientists to collect information and use to perform research into rare conditions. This registry will be part of a global registry, called "GloBE-Reg" with the University of Glasgow (Scotland) and with the University of MInnesota.

This study is to investigate, validate and address remaining technical challenges of new imaging techniques used on a portable MRI machine. The research study consists of a one-time study visit that could last approximately 2.5 hours.

Medications used to treat Parkinson's disease will be delivered using a sachet ; placed in the oral/buccal cavity (between cheek and gum of lower jaw). This study may be a good fit for you if you are healthy, between the ages of 18 and 65, and aren’t currently taking regular medications. We expect that you will be in this research study for one visit, approximately 7 hours total. Compensation and transportation expenses will be provided.

You are invited to take part in a survey to help us learn more about what people know and think about diseases that are spread by ticks and mosquitoes. This study is being conducted by the researchers at the University of Minnesota Medical School on the Duluth Campus. The goal is to understand how people feel about these diseases and how much they know about how to protect themselves.

This research is being done to better understand why people develop a type of heart failure where the heart contracts normally but does not relax well. By comparing levels of chemicals in the blood that are secreted by the body in subjects with normal hearts and in subjects with abnormal relaxation, we hope to gain a better understanding of why heart failure occurs.

This study involves testing auditory and speech perception using behavioral and non-invasive physiological measures in humans.

This study includes healthy adults between the ages of 21-70 who either use or do not cannabidiol (CBD) regularly. The purpose of this study is to learn about how CBD users and nonusers respond to stress. Participants must be willing to attend one in-person visit at the University of Minnesota Duluth campus

The rate of lung cancer screening is not optimal among Chinese American high-risk smokers, although there is a high lung cancer rate among this population. We want to validate the adapted Chinese Lung Cancer Screening Health Belief Scale, enable its usage in Chinese Americans, and further explore the relationship between lung cancer screening health beliefs and health behavior among Chinese Americans. We will also aim to identify the differences in health beliefs regarding lung cancer screening between high-risk populations in China and Chinese Americans, and to examine factors influencing these differences.

The study is being conducted in order to further understand how we perceive the world, and if and how this may be different in individuals on the autism spectrum. We hope to further understand sensory processing differences in autism.

The goal of this study is to learn more about how children (ages 5-8 years) describe their gender identities. We are also interested in learning more about the ways children think and develop. We will be giving children several tasks designed as games to assess flexibility in thinking, creativity, and the ability to take another person’s perspective.

The purpose of this study is to learn more about the origin of tinnitus (phantom sound) and how age and hearing loss affect the ability to hear simple and complex sounds, such as tones and speech, presented in isolation and in the presence of other competing sounds. Possible participants may have normal hearing or mild-to-moderate hearing loss. Participants will be seated in a sound-treated room and listen to sounds over headphones, insert earphones (earbuds), or via loudspeakers. The tasks involve making judgments about the sounds, such as discriminating which of two sounds appeared to fluctuate in intensity or reporting the words in a sentence.

This study will examine the brain activation associated with the transition between movements in Parkinson’s disease, and if these changes are related to the development of problems with moving (like freezing of gait) and thinking. We will look at brain activity associated with the vestibular (inner ear) and cortical (surface of the brain) systems. People with Parkinson’s disease (especially people with freezing of gait) sometimes have difficulty initiating changes in movement types, such as going from standing to walking, turning, or switching between slow and fast repetitive movements. The difficulty in movement transitions may be associated with an overactive vestibular system (inner ear) or cortical system. In each experiment in this study, we expect about 20-25 participants with Parkinson’s disease and freezing of gait, 20-25 participants with Parkinson’s without freezing of gait, and 20-25 control participants